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- Epidemiological Model for Conventional Tobacco Control Measures and Tobacco Endgame Policies
- Heewon Kang, Sung-il Cho
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(5):481-484. Published online September 26, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.239
- 843 View
- 80 Download
- 2 Web of Science
- 2 Crossref
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Abstract
Summary
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Supplementary Material - Epidemiological models, also known as host-agent-vector-environment models, are utilized in public health to gain insights into disease occurrence and to formulate intervention strategies. In this paper, we propose an epidemiological model that incorporates both conventional measures and tobacco endgame policies. Our model suggests that conventional measures focus on relationships among agent-vector-host-environment components, whereas endgame policies inherently aim to change or eliminate those components at a fundamental level. We also found that the vector (tobacco industry) and environment (physical and social surroundings) components were insufficiently researched or controlled by both conventional measures and tobacco endgame policies. The use of an epidemiological model for tobacco control and the tobacco endgame is recommended to identify areas that require greater effort and to develop effective intervention measures.
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SummaryKorean summary
이 연구는 기존의 담배규제와 관련된 역학 모형을 확장하여 담배 수요를 줄이기 위한 조치인 MPOWER 정책과 담배 종결전의 주요 정책을 아우르는 개념적 모형을 제시하였다. 각 정책을 개념적 모형 내 배치한 결과, MPOWER 정책은 모형 내 구성요소 간의 연결을 끊는 것을 목표로 하는 반면, 종결전 정책은 모형 내 요소들을 영구적으로 변화시키거나 제거하려는 특성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 담배규제정책이 개체, 병원체, 벡터 및 환경 요소에 대한 균형 잡힌 포트폴리오를 갖추고 있는지 평가하기 위해 이 개념적 모형을 활용할 수 있다.Key Message
We extended the conceptual epidemiological model for tobacco control by incorporating measures to reduce the demand for tobacco (MPOWER measures) and key endgame policies. The model suggests that MPOWER measures focus on disconnecting the relationships between model components, while endgame policies aim to permanently change or eliminate the components themselves. This model can be used to examine whether a country or jurisdiction's tobacco control policy maintains a balanced portfolio across agent, host, vector, and environmental factors. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Public support for tobacco endgame policies in South Korea: Findings from the 2020 International Tobacco Control Korea Survey
Heewon Kang, Wonjeong Yoon, Hong Gwan Seo, Sungkyu Lee, Sujin Lim, Gil-yong Kim, Su Young Kim, Steve S Xu, Mi Yan, Anne C K Quah, Janet Chung-Hall, Lorraine V Craig, Coral E Gartner, Geoffrey T Fong, Sung-il Cho
Tobacco Control.2024; : tc-2023-058454. CrossRef - Decrease in household secondhand smoking among South Korean adolescents associated with smoke-free policies: grade-period-cohort and interrupted time series analyses
Hana Kim, Heewon Kang, Sung-il Cho
Epidemiology and Health.2023; : e2024009. CrossRef
- Public support for tobacco endgame policies in South Korea: Findings from the 2020 International Tobacco Control Korea Survey
COVID-19: Brief Report
- The Evolving Policy Debate on Border Closure in Korea
- Su JIn Kang, Jihyun Moon, Heewon Kang, Heekyoung Nam, Sangwoo Tak, Sung-Il Cho
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(5):302-306. Published online September 11, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.213
- 4,202 View
- 132 Download
- 5 Crossref
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary Material
- Objectives
In this paper, we aimed to investigate the evolving debate over border closure in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, to address the main themes associated with border closure, and to discuss the factors that need to be considered when making such decisions.
Methods
We collated and reviewed previously conducted review studies on border closures during infectious disease outbreaks to derive relevant themes and factors.
Results
According to our systematic review on border closures and travel restrictions, the effects of such containment efforts are limited. We suggest considering the following factors when determining whether to impose border closure measures: (1) disease characteristics, (2) timeliness of implementation, (3) transmission delay and the basic reproduction number, (4) globalization and pandemics, and (5) social and economic costs.
Conclusions
Our assessment indicates that the effects of border closures are at best temporary and limited. Alternative measures must be contemplated and implemented to suppress the spread of COVID-19 in particular and infectious diseases more broadly. -
Summary
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Schengen Borders as Lines that Continue to Separate? Media Representations of Pandemic Dimensions of Insecurity in Eastern German Border Regions to Poland
Nona Renner, Judith Miggelbrink, Kristine Beurskens, Antonia Zitterbart
Journal of Borderlands Studies.2022; 37(4): 825. CrossRef - Classification Schemes of COVID-19 High Risk Areas and Resulting Policies: A Rapid Review
Olalekan A. Uthman, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Sameh Al-Awlaqi, Johanna Hanefeld, Charbel El Bcheraoui
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - A measure to estimate the risk of imported COVID-19 cases and its application for evaluating travel-related control measures
Heewon Kang, Kyung-Duk Min, Seonghee Jeon, Ju-Yeun Lee, Sung-il Cho
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Towards sustainable airport waste management through the adoption of a "green" airport strategy: The case of Incheon International Airport
Glenn Baxter
Clean Technologies and Recycling.2022; 2(4): 247. CrossRef - Pathways between COVID-19 public health responses and increasing overdose risks: A rapid review and conceptual framework
Tribesty Nguyen, Jane A. Buxton
International Journal of Drug Policy.2021; 93: 103236. CrossRef
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